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Professor Robert Pape is the author of the book and substack The Escalation Trap.
Sixty days into the war, none of Washington’s core objectives—regime change, nuclear rollback, military degradation, proxy collapse, or restored deterrence—has been achieved, as oil spikes and allies begin acting independently.
That failure is no longer contained. It is now driving decisions the United States cannot shape, only react to.
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About the author
David Llewellyn-Smith is Chief Strategist at the MB Fund and MB Super. David is the founding publisher and editor of MacroBusiness and was the founding publisher and global economy editor of The Diplomat, the Asia Pacific's leading geo-politics and economics portal.
He is also a former gold trader and economic commentator at The Sydney Morning Herald, The Age, the ABC and Business Spectator. He is the co-author of The Great Crash of 2008 with Ross Garnaut and was the editor of the second Garnaut Climate Change Review.